A vitamin deficiency disease is the characteristic set of symptoms which will occur as the result of lacking a given vitamin. The text below will explain all about the diseases which occur as a result of vitamin deficiency in brief.
Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin A
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms- Skin becomes dry.
- Cornea becomes dry
- Mucous membranes degenerate.
- Poor 'night vision'
- Serious deficiency results in complete night blindness or Xerophthalmia
- Permanent blindness or Keratomalacia may occur if the vitamin is not present in the diet.
Vitamin D
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Rickets-This is the failure of growing bones to calcify. Bow legs are a common children and knock knees in older ones. Deformation of the pelvic bones in adolescent girls can occur which may lead to complications when they are pregnant, and give birth.
- Osteomalacia-An adult condition where the bones are painful and spontaneous fractures may occur. Here the bones are weakened and soften, becoming less mineralised with calcium and phosphate.
Vitamin E
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Anaemia-Increased breakdown of red blood cells.
Vitamin K
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Mild deficiency leads to a prolonged blood clotting time.
- Serious deficiency means blood fails to clot at all.
Vitamin B1
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Beriberi-
- Nervous system affected.
- Muscles become weak and painful.
- Paralysis can occur.
- Heart failure (In severe cases this can cause death.)
- Oedema (Tissues swollen with fluid.)
- Children's growth is reduced.
- Keto acids like pyruvic acid, accumulate in the blood.
Vitamin B2
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Tongue sores
- Sores at the corners of the mouth.
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Depression and irritability.
- Anaemia
- Diarrhoea
- Skin disorders -Dermatitis
- Cracks at the mouth corners
- Smooth tongue
- Kidney stones
- Nausea
- Convulsions
Vitamin B5
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Poor nerve-muscle coordination.
- Fatigue
- Muscle cramp
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Pellagra-the first symptom of which is a sunburnlike eruption that breaks
out where the skin is exposed to sunlight. Later symptoms are a red and
swollen tongue - diarrhea
- mental confusion
- irritability
- when the central nervous system is affected, depression and mental disturbances.
Vitamin B12
Deficiency diseases and SymptomsPernicious anaemia.
Ineffective production of red blood cells
Faulty myelin (nerve sheath) synthesis
Loss of epithelium (membrane lining) of the intestinal tract.
Folic acid
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms- Anaemia-particularly in women during pregnancy
- Neural tube defects, a type of birth defect that results in severe brain or neurological disorders
Vitamin H
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Dermatitis
- Muscle pains
Deficiency diseases and Symptoms
- Scurvy-Skin of gums becomes weak and bleeds.
- Wounds fail to heal.
- connective tissue fibres fail to form
- Anaemia
- Heart failure
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